Chitima Chiteshi Simbi Mamisikirwo

chitima chiteshi simbi chimiro

EIHE STEEL STRUCTURE chitima chiteshi simbi dhizaini inogadzira uye mutengesi muChina. Isu tave takanyatso kugadzirwa kwesimbi yechiteshi chechitima kwemakore 20. Chitima chechiteshi chesimbi chimiro chinowanzoreva chimiro chechivako chechiteshi kana chikuva chinovakwa zvakanyanya nesimbi. Kushandiswa kwesimbi mukuvaka chiteshi chechitima kwakakurumbira nekuda kwesimba rayo uye kusimba, pamwe nekugona kwayo kutsigira span yakakura uye mitoro inorema. Pamusoro pezvo, zvivakwa zvesimbi zvinowanzoreruka pane zvimwe zvekuvaka, izvo zvinogona kuderedza nguva yekuvaka uye mutengo.

Mimwe mienzaniso yezviteshi zvechitima zvine zvivakwa zvesimbi zvinozivikanwa zvinosanganisira Grand Central Terminal muNew York City, King's Cross njanji muLondon, uye Gare de Lyon-Saint-Exupéry chiteshi muFrance. Simbi inowanzoshandiswa mukuvaka mapuratifomu echitima, mabhiriji, uye tunnel

chii chitima chiteshi simbi chimiro?

Chitima chiteshi chesimbi chimiro chinoreva kushandiswa kwesimbi sechinhu chekutanga mukuvaka zviteshi zvechitima. Rudzi urwu rwechimiro runopa akawanda mabhenefiti akadai sesimba, kusimba, uye kuramba corrosion, zvichiita kuti ive sarudzo yakanaka kune zviteshi zvechitima zvinoda kumira mitoro inorema uye matambudziko ezvakatipoteredza.

Chimiro chesimbi chechiteshi chechitima chinowanzo sanganisira huru dhizaini, denga, uye kuvharika. Chimiro chikuru chine mbiru dzesimbi uye matanda anotsigira chimiro chose. Idzi nhengo dzesimbi dzakagadzirirwa kumira seismic masimba, mitoro yemhepo, uye dzimwe njodzi dzinongoitika dzoga, kuve nechokwadi chekuchengetedza uye kugadzikana kwechiteshi.

Denga rechiteshi chechitima simbi chimiro chinowanzo gadzirwa kuti ive zvese zvinoshanda uye zvinoyevedza. Inogona kuve neakasiyana maumbirwo uye magadzirirwo, zvichienderana nemaitiro ekuvaka uye zvinodiwa zvechiteshi. Denga rinotsigirwa nesimbi trusses kana arches anogovera uremu zvakaenzana pachimiro.

Kupfekedzwa kwechitima chiteshi chesimbi chimiro kunoreva zvinhu zvekunze zvinoshandiswa kuvhara nekudzivirira madziro nedenga. Zvishandiso zvakajairika zvekupfeka zvinosanganisira simbi mashizha, insulated mapaneru, uye girazi. Zvinhu izvi zvinosarudzwa nekuda kwekusimba kwazvo, kusagadzikana kwemamiriro ekunze, uye nyore kugadzirisa.

Pamusoro pezvikamu zvikuru zvezvimiro, chitima chechiteshi chesimbi chimiro chinogona zvakare kusanganisira akasiyana masisitimu ebetsero akadai semasitepisi, ma lifti, uye mapuratifomu. Aya masisitimu akabatanidzwa muchimiro chesimbi kuti ape nyore kuwana uye kutenderera mukati mechiteshi.

Dhizaini uye kuvakwa kwechitima chiteshi simbi chimiro chinoda kunyatsotariswa kwezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana senge kutakura mutoro, seismic kuramba, kusimba, uye aesthetics. Izvo zvinosanganisirawo kurongeka kweakasiyana siyana einjiniya einjiniya senge zvimiro zveinjiniya, dhizaini, uye mechanic engineering kuti ive nechokwadi chekupedzwa kweprojekiti.

Muchidimbu, chitima chiteshi simbi chimiro isarudzo yakasimba uye yakasimba pakuvaka zviteshi zvechitima. Inopa simba rakanakisa, kuramba kune ngura, uye kuchinjika mukugadzira, zvichiita kuti ive yakakodzera kune dzakasiyana siyana dzekushandisa uye mamiriro ezvakatipoteredza.

mhando yechitima chiteshi simbi chimiro

Kune akati wandei marudzi echitima chiteshi simbi zvivakwa zvinoshandiswa mukuvaka zviteshi zvechitima. Mimwe mienzaniso inosanganisira:

Portal furemu zvimiro: Aya mafuremu esimbi ane makoramu uye matanda, anowanzo gadzirwa nezvikamu zvakaumbwa neI. Mafuremu ePortal anowanzo shandiswa kune zvivakwa zvakakura-refu uye zvimiro, senge mapuratifomu echiteshi chechitima uye mahoro echiteshi.

Maumbirwo eTruss: A truss chiumbwa chakaumbwa nenhevedzano yemakona matatu akabatana. Simbi truss zvimiro zvinowanzoshandiswa mukuvaka matenga echiteshi chechitima uye mabhiriji.

Arch zvimiro: Arch zvimiro zvinogadzirwa nematanda akakombama anotsigira denga kana sirin'i. Simbi arch zvimiro zvinowanzo shandiswa mukuvaka kwechiteshi chechitima masuo, pamwe nekugadzirwa kwechitima chiteshi chedenga masisitimu.

Zvivako zvinotsigirwa netambo: Izvi zvimiro umo tambo dzinoshandiswa kutsigira denga kana chivakwa. Simbi inotsigirwa netambo zvimiro zvinowanzo shandiswa muma canopies echiteshi chechitima, pamwe nekugadzira mabhiriji evanofamba netsoka.

Space frame zvimiro: Aya ndiwo matatu-dimensional mafuremu akaumbwa nezvinhu zvakabatana zvimiro. Space frame zvimiro zvinowanzo shandiswa muchiteshi chechitima padenga masisitimu, pamwe nekuvakwa kwehoro dzechiteshi uye atriums.

tsanangudzo yechitima chiteshi simbi chimiro

Dhizaini uye ruzivo rwechitima chiteshi simbi zvimiro zvinogona kusiyana zvichienderana nezvinodiwa uye zvinodiwa zveimwe neimwe chiteshi. Nekudaro, pane akati wandei akakosha maficha uye maficha anowanzo kuverengerwa mukugadzirwa kwechitima chiteshi simbi zvimiro.

Matanda: Matanda esimbi anoshandiswa kutsigira huremu hwedenga, chikuva, kana chero chimwe chikamu chinotakura mutoro chechimiro. Inogona kunge yakatwasuka kana yakakomberedzwa, zvichienderana neyakagadzirirwa.

Makolamu: Makoramu esimbi anoshandiswa kutsigira huremu hwakamira hwechivako kana chimiro. Makolamu anogona kuiswa nguva nenguva kuti ape rutsigiro, kana anogona kurongeka mune chaiwo mapatani ekunakisa kana ekuvaka.

Matrusses: Matare esimbi anoshandiswa kureba madaro akakura uye anotsigira huremu hwedenga kana sirin'i. Izvo zvinosanganisira mutsara wemakona matatu akabatanidzwa, ayo anopa zvose simba uye kugadzikana.

Kubatanidzwa: Simbi yekubatanidza inoshandiswa kubatanidza zvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvechimiro pamwe chete, zvakadai sematanda nemakoramu. Mhando yekubatanidza inoshandiswa ichaenderana nemitoro uye masimba ayo chimiro chinozoda kumira.

Cladding: Simbi yekupfeka inoshandiswa kuvhara kunze kwechimiro, ichipa dziviriro kubva kune zvinhu uye ichipa chivakwa chitarisiko chinoyevedza. Kuvhara kunogona kugadzirwa kubva kwakasiyana-siyana, senge simbi mapaneru, girazi kana dombo.

Pakazara, zvivakwa zvesimbi zvechitima zvechitima zvakagadzirirwa kuve zvakasimba, kusimba, uye kushanda zvakanaka, ukuwo ichipa inoyevedza uye inoshanda nzvimbo yevafambi nevashanyi.

mukana wechitima chiteshi simbi chimiro

Chitima chiteshi simbi zvivakwa zvine akawanda mabhenefiti pamusoro pezvimwe zvekuvakisa, zvinosanganisira:

Simba uye Kusimba: Simbi chinhu chakasimba uye chakasimba chinogona kumirisana nemamiriro ekunze akanyanya, kukanganisa, uye mitoro. Izvi zvinoita kuti zvive zvakanaka pakuvaka zvivakwa zvechiteshi chechitima uye zvivakwa zvinoda kugara kwenguva yakareba.

Mutengo-Unoshanda: Zvivako zveSimbi zvine mutengo-unoshanda zvichienzaniswa nezvimwe zvinhu. Vanoda zvinhu zvishoma, basa, uye nguva yekuvaka, izvo zvinogona kubatsira kuderedza mutengo wepurojekiti yese.

Kumhanyisa Kwekuvaka: Zvivako zveSimbi zvinogona kugadzirwa kunze kwenzvimbo, uye nekukasira kuunganidzwa panzvimbo yekuvaka. Iyi nzira inogona kuchengetedza nguva uye kukurumidzira maitiro ekuvaka.

Flexibility uye Dhizaini Sarudzo: Simbi zvimiro zvinochinjika zvakanyanya uye zvinogona kugadziridzwa zviri nyore kuti zvisangane nezvinodiwa zvekugadzira. Dzinogonawo kuchinjwa kana kuwedzerwa pane imwe nguva inotevera, kana zvichidiwa.

Inogadzika uye Inodzokororwa: Simbi chinhu chakasimba, uye chinogona kudzokororwa uye kushandiswazve kakawanda pasina kurasikirwa nehunhu hwayo. Izvi zvinoita kuti zvivakwa zvesimbi zvive zvine hushamwari sarudzo yekuvaka chiteshi chechitima.

Pakazere, zvivakwa zvesimbi zvechitima zvinopa mutengo-unoshanda, wakasimba, unogara uye wakasimba mhinduro yekuvaka chiteshi chechitima zvivakwa.